Trial II at Chillan, Chile

Data from Maria Ines Gonzalez

 

Due to a severe attack of Fusarium spp. in 2005 the riginal trial was terminated in 2006 and
a new trial was established in 2007

This page provides the information on the new trial

 

 

This trial was established on January 30, 2007 using 12 weeks old plants in a soil of volcanic origin at Chillán (36°32’ S; 71°55’ W).

The planting date was not the most appropriate, because we received the seeds very late in the season (October and November 2006). Nevertheless, the plants grew vigorously the first season until temperature started to decrease (April 2007).

The experimental design is randomized complete blocks with four replications. Plots have two rows of plants 7 m long. Planting distances were 1.5 m between rows and 0.25 m between plants. Planting depth was 25 cm. We have only 17 plants of ‘Jersey Deluxe’ which were included in the second block as a satellite plot.

At planting the crop was fertilized with 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 100 kg ha-1 of K2O, and 62 kg ha-1 of N. After 30 days from planting, a new dose of 64 kg ha-1 of N was applied. During summer of 2007/08, two doses of 64 kg N ha-1 each were applied. Weeds have been controlled by hand. Plants were watered by drip irrigation every 3-5 days during summer after planting, and every two weeks the second year.

Near the end of the second growing period (31 March 2008), height to branching, total height and width of six plants per plot, and sex of all plants were determined.

The susceptibility of cultivars to purple spot (Stemphylium vesicarium) during the spring was determined by counting and weighing spears affected by the fungus. Due to a detection of a Phytophthora megasperma attack during fern growth (March 2009), the healthiness of plants was determined by counting healthy plants (without dead stalks).

 

 
Hybrid
Seed source

1

3 x Phy20

Aspara Pacific, New Zealand

2

73 x 22

Aspara Pacific, New Zealand

3

Atlas

Asparagus Seeds & Transplants, USA

4

De Paoli

University of California, USA

5

Fileas

Vilmorin, France

6

Jersey Deluxe

Rutgers University, USA

7

Jersey Giant

Jersey Asparagus Farm, USA

8

Jersey Knight

Jersey Asparagus Farm, USA

9

Jersey Supreme A

Jersey Asparagus Farm, USA

10

Jersey Supreme B

Rutgers University, USA

11

Mondeo

Vilmorin, France

12

NJ951

Rutgers University, USA

13

NJ953

Rutgers University, USA

14

NJ956

Rutgers University, USA

15

NJ978

Rutgers University, USA

16

NJ1025

Rutgers University, USA

17

NJ1031

Rutgers University, USA

18

NJ1119

Rutgers University, USA

19

NJ1149

Rutgers University, USA

20

Pacific 2000

Aspara Pacific, New Zealand

21

UC157

Asparagus Seeds & Transplants, USA

 

One week after planting
February, 2007. Summer
Ten months after planting
November, 2007, Spring
(2 months from emergence after winter)
Fourteen months after planting
April, 2008, Fall
2009

 

2007 Data

Hybrid
Male plants, %
Height to branching, cm
Plant height, cm
Plant width, cm

3 x Phy20

47.3 f

33.2 efg

130.6 fgh

77.2 hcd

73 x 22

52.5 ef

34.8 d-g

133.3 e-h

78.3 bcd

Atlas

61.0 cd

41.1 ab

155.2 a

84.7 ab

De Paoli

56.4 de

38.6 a-d

148.4 a-d

70.9 de

Fileas

100 a

36.0 cde

143.8 b-e

88.7 a

Jersey Deluxe*

100

30.0

131.7

74.0

Jersey Giant

77.8 b

39.8 a-d

148.3 a-d

80.0 abc

Jersey Knight

99.1 a

36.8 b-e

144.2 a-e

73.8 cde

Jersey Supreme A

65.0 c

36.0 cde

145.9 a-d

78.2 bcd

Jersey Supreme B

99.1 a

38.6 a-d

143.0 b-e

73.3 cde

Mondeo

99.1 a

30.5 fg

140.7 c-f

78.6 bcd

NJ951

100 a

38.9 a-d

152.6 ab

80.0 abc

NJ953

100 a

41.0 ab

152.5 ab

80.9 abc

NJ956

99.6 a

42.5 a

153.8 ab

76.4 b-e

NJ978

100 a

36.4 cde

139.7 d-g

73.5 cde

NJ1025

100 a

34.6 d-g

139.3 d-g

73.1 cde

NJ1031

100 a

39.8 abc

151.7 abc

77.5 bcd

NJ1119

100 a

30.3 g

128.9 gh

67.7 e

NJ1149

100 a

33.3 efg

147.7 a-d

77.5 bcd

Pacific 2000

59.5 cd

34.9 def

126.7 h

74.8 cde

UC157

62.1 cd

38.9 a-d

147.7 a-d

75.9 b-e

CV
5.8
8.7
5.5
8.3

Means followed by different letters in a column are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) according to LSD test. CV is the coefficient of variation.
*:Not included in the statistical analysis.

2008 and 2009 Data

Plots were harvested daily during 38 days for the first time in 2008. Number, weight, and diameter of spears were determined after trimming to 18 cm.

The evaluated cultivars, and their corresponding breeding companies or seed source (in brackets) are: Fileas and Mondeo (Vilmorin); DePaoli (University of California); Pacific 2000, 3xPhy20, and 73x22 (Aspara Pacific); Jersey Giant, and J. Supreme A (Jersey Asparagus Farms, Inc.); Jersey Knight, J. Deluxe, J. Supreme B, New Jersey 951, NJ 953, NJ 956, NJ 978, NJ 1025, NJ 1031, NJ 1119, and NJ 1149 (Rutgers University); Atlas and UC-157 (Asparagus Seeds and Transplants). We have only 17 plants of ‘Jersey Deluxe, which were planted in a satellite plot.

The susceptibility of cultivars to purple spot (Stemphylium vesicarium) during the spring was determined by counting and weighing spears affected by the fungus. Due to a detection of a Phytophthora megasperma attack during fern growth (March 2009), the healthiness of plants was determined by counting healthy plants (without dead stalks).

Although these are only preliminary results it can be highlighted the high yield potential of cultivars from Rutgers University, particularly ‘NJ 978’, ‘NJ 1031’, ‘NJ 953’, and ‘NJ 956’ (Fig. 1). The high yield of ‘NJ 978’, ‘NJ 953’, and ‘NJ 956’, was due to the production of a great number of spears but with a low spear weight (Fig. 2 and 3). A different situation occurred with NJ 1031, because its high yield was due to its high spear weight (Fig. 3). It can be noticed the absence of spears affected by Stemphylium vesicarium in cultivar NJ 1149, and the few plants affected by Phytophtora megasperma in the cultivar 3xPhy20 (Fig. 4 and 5).

 
Figure 1. Marketable yield of the asparagus cultivars in the first harvest season (2008).
Figure 2. Number of harvested spears of the asparagus cultivars in the first harvest season (2008).
Figure 3. Mean spear weight of the asparagus cultivars in the first harvest season (2008).
Figure 4. Percentage of plants affected by Phytophthora during fern growth (March 2009).
Figure 5. Proportion of spears affected by purple spot during the first harvest season (2008)

In the figures above, columns joined by a line identified with a small letter are not significantly different according to LSD test (P? 0.05)

 

Temp
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Mean
19.2
17.2
17.6
12.5
8.7
6.6
6.6
6.0
9.7
12.1
15.2
18.1
Max
27.8
26.2
25.9
19.3
14.0
11.1
11.4
12.5
15.9
19.1
23.7
27.0
Min
11.4
9.3
10.6
6.7
4.7
2.8
2.5
0.5
4.1
5.5
7.4
10.0
Average monthly temperature (C) in 2007 Δ

Temp
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Mean
22.2
20.6
17.6
Max
32.0
30.7
27.3
Min
13.0
11.4
9.0
Average monthly temperature (C) in 2008 Δ



 

Hybrid
Male plants, %
Height to branching, cm
Plant height, cm
Plant width, cm

3 x Phy20

47.3 f

33.2 efg

130.6 fgh

77.2 hcd

73 x 22

52.5 ef

34.8 d-g

133.3 e-h

78.3 bcd

Atlas

61.0 cd

41.1 ab

155.2 a

84.7 ab

De Paoli

56.4 de

38.6 a-d

148.4 a-d

70.9 de

Fileas

100 a

36.0 cde

143.8 b-e

88.7 a

Jersey Deluxe*

100

30.0

131.7

74.0

Jersey Giant

77.8 b

39.8 a-d

148.3 a-d

80.0 abc

Jersey Knight

99.1 a

36.8 b-e

144.2 a-e

73.8 cde

Jersey Supreme A

65.0 c

36.0 cde

145.9 a-d

78.2 bcd

Jersey Supreme B

99.1 a

38.6 a-d

143.0 b-e

73.3 cde

Mondeo

99.1 a

30.5 fg

140.7 c-f

78.6 bcd

NJ951

100 a

38.9 a-d

152.6 ab

80.0 abc

NJ953

100 a

41.0 ab

152.5 ab

80.9 abc

NJ956

99.6 a

42.5 a

153.8 ab

76.4 b-e

NJ978

100 a

36.4 cde

139.7 d-g

73.5 cde

NJ1025

100 a

34.6 d-g

139.3 d-g

73.1 cde

NJ1031

100 a

39.8 abc

151.7 abc

77.5 bcd

NJ1119

100 a

30.3 g

128.9 gh

67.7 e

NJ1149

100 a

33.3 efg

147.7 a-d

77.5 bcd

Pacific 2000

59.5 cd

34.9 def

126.7 h

74.8 cde

UC157

62.1 cd

38.9 a-d

147.7 a-d

75.9 b-e

CV
5.8
8.7
5.5
8.3

 

Means followed by different letters in a column are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) according to LSD test. CV is the coefficient of variation.
*:Not included in the statistical analysis.

Back to Trial I

Click below for data from different trial locations

Baarlo, Netherlands Beijing, China Bydgoszcz, Poland Chillan, Chile
Davis, California, USA Guelph, Canada Hokkaido, Japan Horst, Netherlands
Kanagawa, Japan  More on Kanagawa, Japan Nagano, Japan Palmerston North, NZ
Pasco, Washington, USA Pisco, Peru Seville, Spain  UC Riverside, California, USA

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